![]() 1-5 Disruption of integrin function causes several hematologic diseases. 1 In blood cells, integrins are usually in a resting (inactive) state with low affinity for their ligands they can quickly switch to an activated, high-affinity state in response to agonists, such as proteases or adenine nucleotides, a process often referred to as inside-out activation or inside-out signaling. Twenty-four integrins have been identified so far. Integrins are cell surface receptors composed of type I heterodimeric transmembrane proteins, formed by a combination of 18 α-subunits and 8 β-subunits. Regulation of cell adhesion through cell-matrix or cell-cell interaction is a critical step in various physiologic processes, such as cell migration and anchoring during development of the blood-forming organs, recruitment of cells into sites of inflammation, and aggregation and adhesion of platelets.
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